Lack of hospital beds in UK

It is sad that I feel duty bound to use my blog as an author to raise the problems I see with the UK's National Health Service, but where else can one get one's views in the public view? The bloated administration of the NHS is sucking the lifeblood out of the service where administrators with no clinical experience are on six figure salaries. At the same time skilled clinical staff are losing their jobs.

Take for example the reported shortage of hospital beds (BBC article - Nick Triggle). The Government deny there is a shortage, but if you talk to any A& E Matron and you will hear a very different story. Patients are regularly kept waiting because of bed shortages. The hospitals employ "Bed Managers" whose sole job is to chase the clinicians in the hospital wards to discharge patients early.

The problem with hospital beds is that a "bed" has become a unit of accounting in hospitals. The bean counters find it very convenient to work out the "cost of a bed" by taking the total running costs of a hospital ward/unit and dividing it by the number of beds. Don't forget they also impose the "management overhead + PFI costs" into those running costs. It is not just the medicines, doctors, nurses and ward staff. The bean counters then have an easy to use spreadsheet figure called "bed cost". The cost figure gets absorbed into the management mythology and the people using it forget the original components of the cost.

When senior hospital management realise there have/are going to run out of money they'll introduce cost cutting measures. Some bright bean counting spark will say "if we cut 20 beds from the service we'll save a lot of money over five years". As a consequence patients lose access to those beds, but the overhead hospital costs never go away.  Let's be plain about this: A hospital bed only costs about £5,000 When a hospital "closes" a bed, they don't sell the bed to reclaim the money. The hospital still has to pay infrastructure costs, floor rent, the administrators costs are still there, the PFI costs remain.  The action doesn't reduce the number of patients, people still get sick.

The hospital planners/administrators need to get away from the concept of a "bed cost" and use more realistic accounting methods. 

Here's another view of the problems by a Doctor.

Rats or Birds?

One of the signs that something is wrong in an organisation is when several senior managers leave of thier own choice in a periods of a few months. A recent article in the Guardian Newspaper highlights a case in the Barts Hospital in London UK. The guy in question has worked at the place as a skilled surgeon for many years. Suddenly he finds it an unacceptable place to work! There have been several instances of senior administrative and clinical staff (5 out of 14 orthopedic surgeons) finding employment at an alternative location more attractive. Is it rats leaving a sinking ship or is it birds flying away before an earthquake? Has someone broken the spiritual backbone of the place? It is very difficult and expensive to repair a damaged corporate psyche. Maybe there is a programme of cuts using an experienced aggressive "Turn Around" Director?

The same kind of thing has happened in the North Staff's hospital. Now the administrators had to draft in Army Medics to keep their A&E  department running. Professional medical staff such as surgeons and specialist nurses will be caution about joining to work at a hospital with a damaged reputation.

It is a pity, because BARTS does some good clinical work caring for the patient. For example they're the only hospital actually checking the safety standards of surgical instruments. See the worrying Panorama programme in July 2011. They also do good work in research in Prion infection on surgical instruments. Perhaps the problem is the way the administrators engage with the clinical staff? Is there a climate of bullying? Are we getting value for money from these highly paid administrators?

More about NHS WICs

My blog piece on NHS Walk-In Centres has generated some interesting, if uninformed, comment so I’ll extend the article somewhat.

The idea of the Walk-In service is that patients can walk in from the street if they want medical advice, after treatment the patient walks out. The Walk-In Centre does not deal with A&E cases, though it is not unknown for ambulance crews to deliver patients to a Walk-In Centre where the condition is minor. The general rule is that if the patient has broken bones, needs a stretcher or has chest pains they get directed to A&E.

The WIC consultation is designed to be a one shot process. To assess and treat if appropriate; the WIC procedures are not designed for follow up sessions. If follow up is necessary the patient will be referred back to their own GP or to acute medical practitioners in an appropriate local hospital. The WIC may offer associated services such as a phlebotomy clinic (taking bloods), but not as part of their routine assessment process.

Mostly the cases for assessment and treatment are where the patient presents with headache, high temperature, colds and flu.  They are cases that would otherwise clog the waiting areas of the local GP or A&E Department. The WIC normally has a qualified medical prescriber present during their open hours, the usual route for patients to obtain medicines is to visit a local pharmacy, but the WIC will also hold a stock of common medicines for on-site dispensing.  When the WIC practitioner recognises a serious underlying condition the person will be referred back to their GP or in urgent cases on to the local A&E department. These referrals routinely represent a very small proportion of the cases handled.

The Walk-In Centre is normally led by a senior primary care nurse practitioner (Matron).  The lead nurse will usually manage both nurses and administration staff. Where appropriate the lead nurse /Matron will also employ a part time salaried GP to handle cases that need the skills of a GP but patient cannot for some reason attend their own GP. Most primary care nurse practitioners (PCNP) are qualified to MA degree level in an appropriate medical discipline with additional training specifically to work as a Nurse Practitioner. They will usually have at least 10 years experience of actual practice in the primary care area. They are decidedly not “Practice Nurses.”

The nurses in the walk-in centre are trained in medical assessment. They are expected to take comprehensive notes recording how they reached a diagnosis in each case. Those records are personally signed as a legal record by the nurse. The WIC matron regularly audits the patient records for quality for the nurses and the salaried GPs. Nurses are provided with detailed written rules as to how to perform their work. They are not permitted to perform such work unsupervised until they’ve been given a written sign off of their competency. They are also encouraged to routinely consult with their seniors when they have any uncertainty. A recent study in the litigious USA showed that less than 2% of Nurse Practitioners were mentioned in medical claims. In the UK the training and supervision is more intensive.

The concept of the UK NHS Walk-In Centre was created in the late 1990s by the Labour Government. It was a time when the public in some locations found it notoriously difficult to obtain a consultation at their GP’s surgery. GP surgery hours were limited and normal working people would have to take time off work for a 3 minute consultation with their local doctor when they finally achieved the minor miracle of getting through to the GP receptionist phone. Most GPs are not directly employed by the NHS, they act as sole practitioners or partnerships that have few actual constraints on how they deal with patients or which actual hours they are available to patients. GPs will contract with a local primary care trust to provide services, but it remains the fact that GPs are their own bosses.  The design of the Walk-In Centre service was to counteract that lack of service. WICs were specified to be open daily (364 days a year) from 0700 through to 2200 and thus not just constrained to working hours.

In the past few years WICs close to acute hospitals have been performing an additional function in reducing the waiting queues at the A&E departments. A skilled nurse(s) from the WIC would be stationed in the local A&E department adjacent to the waiting area to perform first line triage of attending patients. Those with minor conditions are advised (not mandatory) to visit the near-by Walk-In Centre to receive quicker appropriate treatment